Filter



3 Sheets-Sheet (Model.)

A. M. GRANGBR.

FILTER.

Patented N018, 1881.

(Model.) l Y a;4 sheetssheet 3; A.Y 1M: GRANGER.

- PLTJJJBR.` Y NQ. 249,339. Patented Nov. 8,'1881.

n hz... A

l A. l 'UNITED STATES PATENT Oiuaici.o

ALMON M. GRANGER, OFBOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,339, dated NovembersiS, 1881.

v l Application file dJnne 13,1881. (Model.)

llo all whom it may concer-n: v

Be it known that I, ALMoN M. GRANGER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements iu Filters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is applicable to small lters which are of convenient size and form to be readily screwed upon an ordinary faucet or cock, and also tolargeriilters which are adapted to be inserted in the service-pipes of buildings; and the especial object of the invention is to provide a iilter for either of the above uses which, Without separating the filter and faucet or cock, may be reversed to cause thecurrent of Water to pass through it in either direction, and thus automatically clean the filter oi' dirt and solid matters deposited in it. Another object is to enable the filter to be readily ad- `2o justed so that the water will not pass through it at all, but will pass around it without being ltered. i

The invention consists, essentially, in the combination of a iilter-body or outer shell, di-

.vided transversely and provided with an external valve face or seat in which are two ports leading to opposite ends of said body or shell, a double liquid-chamber, one part of which communicates with the supply-pipe and the other with the discharge, and which is provided with an external valve face or seat in which is an inlet and an outlet port, and a pivot connecting said body and chamber, so that one'or the other may be partially rotated orturned to bring either port in the body into coincidence with the inlet-port in said chamber and the other port into coincidence with the outlet-port in said chamber", whereby I provide for readily reversing the direction of the current of liquid passing through the filter by simply turning the filter body or shell or the double water-chamber partly round, as more fully hereinafter `willbe described.

Where the invention is embodied in a small filter for application to a faucet or cock the double water-chamber is adapted to be screwed upon the faucet or cock,and the filter-body or outer shell is adapted to beturned to reverse the current; but in a larger filter, adapted to be inserted in a service-pipe, the filter body or shell is the stationary part and the double struction ot the above-described parts, which en ables the lter to be readily adjusted so that the water will not pass through it at all, and in various details of construction of the filter,

lto be hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional view of a small iilterembodying my invention and applied to a faucet or cock. Fig. 2 represents a side view of the filter alone, the outer shell or body being somewhat shorter than in Fig. .1. Figs. 3 and 4 represent perspective views of the two parts of the lter detached from each other. Figs. 5 and` 6 represent similar perspective views, showing the body or outer shell in a dierent position. Fig. 7 represents a section of the intcrior parts of the ilter body or shell. Fig. 8 represents a longitudinal section of a larger filter of modified form, also embodying my invention. Fig. 9 represents a transverse section on the dotted linea: x, Fig. 8; and Fig. l0

represents a similar section upon the dotted line y y, Fig. 8.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding part-s in all the figures.

Referring lirst to Figs. l to 7, inclusive, but more particularly to Fig. 1, A designates an ordinary faucet or cock, having an externally screw threaded nozzle, J and A designates one part of my improved filter, which I term a double waterchamber,77 and which has at one end an internal screw thread for engaging with the screw-thread J, and at the other end an external screw thread, J', to which a hose or other article may be attached. 'lhe external screw-thread also provides for readily attaching the water-chamber A vto any device or fitting having an internal screw-thread. The water-chamber A contains two ports-an inlet port, D, leading from the faucet orcock, and an outlet-port, D', leading to the dischargeand both said ports terminatefin a valve-seat, D2, of circular form.

B designates the outer shell or body of the filter, one end of which is represented as solid, While the other end is closed by a screw cap or IOO bonnet, B. The inner shell of the filter, is

composed of two eylindric ports, C C2, screwed together at d, the'former, C, havin ga shoulder, c. The outer shell or body, B, is divided and. has an inwardly-projecting flange, e, about midway of its length, and the inner shell, C C2, iits snugly within saidiiange, as clearly seen in Fig. 1, and is supported by the shoulder c resting upon the iiange and held thereon by the bonnet or cap B bearing upon the upper end of the part G2, wherefore it will be seen that the portion of the body outside the inner shell is divided transversely by said iange e into two compartments, E. The filter has two hemispherical heads, C', of wire-gauze.

or other reticulated or perforated material, the lower one secured in the lower part, G, of the inner shell, and the upper one tting within the upper part, C2, of said inner shell, and held down by the bonnet or cap B'. Between the heads C' is placed any suitable filtering ma terial, Gr, which may be found to best answer the purpose. One end of the inner shell, C O2, (in this instance the lower,) is in free communication through the head C' with the outer shell or chamber, B, upon one side of the flange e, While the upper end communicates with the shell B on the other side of the iiange e by means of holes or perforations t' in the upper portion of the part G2.

Upon the exterior of the filter-body or outer shell, B, is a circular valve-face, D3, which corresponds to the valve-seat D2 on the waterchamber A' and lits within a circular rim or flange, e', thereon, whereby the parts A' and B are properly centered relatively to each other.

Projectin gfrom the center ofthe valve-face D3 is a journal or stem, h, which fits in avcorrespending socket or bearing in the water-chamber A', and the two parts are held tightly together by the screw H, a packing, d', of leather or other suitable material being introduced between the valve-seat D2 and the valve-face D3, to form a tight joint and prevent leakage.

In the valve-face D3 are two ports, D D', of segmental form corresponding to the ports D D in the valve-seat D2, and the former of which communicates with the body of the filter upon one side of the iiange e, while the latter com municates with said body upon the other side of said flange. In the position shown in Fig. 1 the ports D D are coincident, as also are the ports D' D', and it will therefore be seen that water is free to pass from the faucet o'r cock through the ports D D, thence through the holes t' -i down through the lter and out through the ports D' D. After being so used, whenever it may be desirablel to reverse the current to clean the lilter, the body B is turned or rotated so as to bring the ports D D' in the body coincident respectively with the ports D' l, D in the seat D2, whereupon the water will be free to pass through the ports D D into what is now the lower head, G', of the filter, thence downward through the filter, out at the holes i, and thence through the ports D D' to the discharge or outlet J'. It will therefore be seen that in this case the body B forms a ro@ tary valve for controlling the passage of water from the inlet-port D in the water-chamber A' to either of its ends. The form of the ports D D' and their position relatively to each other is the same in Figs. 3 and 4 as in Fig. 1. From Figs. 3 and 4 it will be clearly seen that the ports D D' are of considerable length, and the distance between the adjacent ends ofthe two ports in either the valve-seat D2 or the valveface D3 is very much shorter than the length of either port. B, is turned a quarter of a turn to the posit-ion shown in Figs. 5 and 6it will be seen that the ports D D" in the valve-face Da will each overlap the two portsl D D' in the valve-seat D2, and hence the water can pass freely from the port D in the seat D2, through both ports D D' in the face D3 to the outlet-port D in the seat without passing through the filter.

Thebody or outer shell, B, of the filter, shown in Figs. 2 to 6. is similar to that shown in Fig. 1,exoept that it is somewhat shorter; and Fig. 7 represents a sectional view of the inner shell thereof. gle piece and has at the bottom an internal ring, e2, to which the lower reticulated or perforated hemispherical head C' is soldered, while the upper head C' rests thereon. The

When the body or outer shell,

The inner shell, G2, is made in a sin- Y shell O2 is provided with holes i for the pas- I sage of water, and the filtering material is introduced between the heads C'. llhe lower edge of the shell C2 forms a shoulder, c, adapted'to rest upon a flange in the body B, as previously described.

Referring, now, to Figs. 8, 9, and l0, which represent a large filter embodying my invention, I would say that the filter proper and its internal construction is exactly like that shown in Fig. 1 and previously described, except that the outer shell or body, B, is closed at each end by a cap or bonnet, B', and all letters of reference used in describing the lter proper shown in Fig. l apply equally to Figs. 8, 9, and 10. The water-chamber A' is, however, different, and requires particular description. In this instance the water-chamber A' is made in the form of a hollow plug-valve having a valveface, D2, corresponding to the valve-seat D2 upon the body or outer shell, B, as in Fig. 1, and having an annular rim or flange, e', in which the seat D2 fits, and by which it is oentered. As in Fig. 1, the body or shell B has a projecting stem, h, which enters a corresponding cavity or socket in the valve-face of the water-chamber A', and said -valve is secured in place by a screw, H, a leather or other packing being introduced between the valve seat and face. rIhe valve A' is provided with a handle, A2, whereby it may be turned, and it is itted to a taper seat in a water-chest, I, which is retained in place bynuts f. The water-chest ICO IOS

IIO

IIS

for the attachment of a discharge-pipe. The two nozzles g? ggare prolonged through the seat of the valve A' in the chest I,- and inV the valve are the above-described ports D D'. As` here shown, the inlet nozzle andport g2 communicates through the port D in the valve A' with the port D in the body B, and the outlet nozzle and port g3 communicates thronghthe port D in the valve A' with the port D in the`l` body. By turning the valve A' halt` round thej inlet-port g2 is placed in communication with theport D in the filter-body, and the outletportg3 in communication with the portD in the filter-body, thus reversing the current there- I 5 in. In this example ot' myinvention the body of the filter is xed or stationary, and the wa` .ter-chamber constitutes a valve for regulating the iiow of water to either end of the iilter proper.

By my invention I provide for automatically cleaning iilters by simply reversing them or the valves controllin g the iiow of water to them,

and which are of simple construction and ef-` fective `in operation.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the filter-body or outer shell, divided transversely and provided with an external valve face or seat in which are two ports leading to opposite ends of said body or shell, a double liquid chamber having an external valve seat or face in which are inlet and outlet ports, and a pivot connecting said body and chamber, so that one or the other maybe rotated to bring either port in the body into coincidence with the inlet-port in said cham- `ber and the other port into coincidence with the outlet-port in said chamber, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of the tilter'body or outer shell,B,having the external valveseat or face containing ports D D', each greater inlength ithan the-distance between their ends, the water-chamber A' `having the external valve face or seat containing ports D D', each greater in length than the distance between their adjacent ends, and the'pivot H, whereby provision is aiorded for discharging liquid without `passing itthrougli -the filter, substantially as specified. Y

, 3. The combination of a filter-body or outer shell having an external valve-face containing ports leadingto opposite ends thereof, a double water-chamber adapted to be secured to a faucet or cock and having an external valve- -seat containing inlet and outlet ports, and a pivot connecting said body or shell and said chamber, whereby provision is a'orded for reversing the current of liquid through the lilter by partly rotating said body or shell upon said valve-seat, substantially as speciiied..

4. The combination ofthe filter-body or outer shell, B, having the external circular valveface, and the central projecting stem rorjournal, h, the water-chamber A', having the circular Valve seat surrounded by the rim or flange e', and a socket or bearing for the stem i or journal h, and the screw-pivot H, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, in a filter, ot' an outer shell orl body having an inwardly projecting iiange at about the middle of its length, an inner shell containing iiltering material ittin g within and resting upon said flange :and having reticulated or perforated heads, and a cap or bonnet for closing said outer shell or body and holding said inner shell or body upon the said flange, substantially as speciied.

ALMON M. GRANGER.

Witnesses:

H. T. BLoDGE'r, FRED. S. FLooKEN. 

